[maven-release-plugin] copy for tag mocca-1.0.2mocca-1.0.2

git-svn-id: https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/svn/mocca/tags/mocca-1.0.2@276 8a26b1a7-26f0-462f-b9ef-d0e30c41f5a4

10 files changed, 713 insertions, 385 deletions

diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/ACOSCard.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/ACOSCard.java
index 2baff834..6d96599c 100644
--- a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/ACOSCard.java
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/ACOSCard.java
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ package at.gv.egiz.smcc;
 
 import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 
-import javax.smartcardio.Card;
 import javax.smartcardio.CardChannel;
 import javax.smartcardio.CardException;
 import javax.smartcardio.CommandAPDU;
@@ -110,41 +109,47 @@ public class ACOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
   public byte[] getCertificate(KeyboxName keyboxName)
       throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
   
-    byte[] aid;
-    byte[] efc;
-    int maxsize;
-    if (keyboxName == KeyboxName.SECURE_SIGNATURE_KEYPAIR) {
-      aid = AID_SIG;
-      efc = EF_C_CH_DS;
-      maxsize = EF_C_CH_DS_MAX_SIZE;
-    } else if (keyboxName == KeyboxName.CERITIFIED_KEYPAIR) {
-      aid = AID_DEC;
-      efc = EF_C_CH_EKEY;
-      maxsize = EF_C_CH_EKEY_MAX_SIZE;
-    } else {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Keybox " + keyboxName
-          + " not supported.");
-    }
-
-    log.debug("Get certificate for keybox '" + keyboxName.getKeyboxName() + "'" +
-        " (AID=" + toString(aid) + " EF=" + toString(efc) + ").");
-    
     try {
-      Card card = getCardChannel().getCard();
-      try {
-        card.beginExclusive();
-        return readTLVFile(aid, efc, maxsize + 15000);
-      } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
-        // if certificate is not present, 
-        // the citizen card application has not been activated
-        throw new NotActivatedException();
-      } finally {
-        card.endExclusive();
+      
+      if (keyboxName == KeyboxName.SECURE_SIGNATURE_KEYPAIR) {
+        
+        try {
+          getCard().beginExclusive();
+          byte[] certificate = readTLVFile(AID_SIG, EF_C_CH_DS, EF_C_CH_DS_MAX_SIZE);
+          if (certificate == null) {
+            throw new NotActivatedException();
+          }
+          return certificate;
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+          throw new NotActivatedException();
+        } finally {
+          getCard().endExclusive();
+        }
+        
+      } else if (keyboxName == KeyboxName.CERITIFIED_KEYPAIR) {
+        
+        try {
+          getCard().beginExclusive();
+          byte[] certificate = readTLVFile(AID_DEC, EF_C_CH_EKEY, EF_C_CH_EKEY_MAX_SIZE);
+          if (certificate == null) {
+            throw new NotActivatedException();
+          }
+          return certificate;
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+          throw new NotActivatedException();
+        } finally {
+          getCard().endExclusive();
+        }
+        
+      } else {
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Keybox " + keyboxName
+            + " not supported.");
       }
+
     } catch (CardException e) {
-      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to get exclusive card access.");
+      log.warn(e);
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to access card.", e);
     }
-
     
   }
 
@@ -155,30 +160,47 @@ public class ACOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
   public byte[] getInfobox(String infobox, PINProvider provider, String domainId)
       throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
   
-    if ("IdentityLink".equals(infobox)) {
-  
-      PINSpec spec = new PINSpec(4, 4, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("inf.pin.name"));
-      
-      try {
-        Card card = getCardChannel().getCard();
-        try {
-          card.beginExclusive();
-          return readTLVFilePIN(AID_DEC, EF_INFOBOX, KID_PIN_INF, provider,
-              spec, EF_INFOBOX_MAX_SIZE);
-        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
-          // if certificate is not present, 
-          // the citizen card application has not been activated
-          throw new NotActivatedException();
-        } finally {
-          card.endExclusive();
-        }
-      } catch (CardException e) {
-        throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to get exclusive card access.");
+    try {
+      if ("IdentityLink".equals(infobox)) {
+ 
+        PINSpec spec = new PINSpec(4, 4, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("inf.pin.name"));
+        
+        int retries = -1;
+        String pin = null;
+        boolean pinRequiered = false;
+
+        do {
+          if (pinRequiered) {
+            pin = provider.providePIN(spec, retries);
+            if (pin == null) {
+              throw new CancelledException();
+            }
+          }
+          try {
+            getCard().beginExclusive();
+            return readTLVFile(AID_DEC, EF_INFOBOX, pin, KID_PIN_INF, EF_INFOBOX_MAX_SIZE);
+          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+            throw new NotActivatedException();
+          } catch (SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException e) {
+            pinRequiered = true;
+          } catch (VerificationFailedException e) {
+            pinRequiered = true;
+            retries = e.getRetries();
+          } finally {
+            getCard().endExclusive();
+          }
+        } while (retries != 0);
+
+        throw new LockedException();
+
+      } else {
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Infobox '" + infobox
+            + "' not supported.");
       }
-  
-    } else {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Infobox '" + infobox
-          + "' not supported.");
+
+    } catch (CardException e) {
+      log.warn(e);
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to access card.", e);
     }
   
   }
@@ -192,68 +214,103 @@ public class ACOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
     }
   
     try {
-      Card card = getCardChannel().getCard();
-      try {
-        card.beginExclusive();
-        
-        if (KeyboxName.SECURE_SIGNATURE_KEYPAIR.equals(keyboxName)) {
-
-          // SELECT DF
-          selectFileFID(DF_SIG);
-          // VERIFY
-          verifyPIN(provider, new PINSpec(6, 10, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle()
-              .getString("sig.pin.name")), KID_PIN_SIG);
-          // MSE: SET DST
-          mseSetDST(0x81, 0xb6, DST_SIG);
-          // PSO: HASH
-          psoHash(hash);
-          // PSO: COMPUTE DIGITAL SIGNATURE
-          return psoComputDigitalSiganture();
       
-        } else if (KeyboxName.CERITIFIED_KEYPAIR.equals(keyboxName)) {
-
-          // SELECT DF
-          selectFileFID(DF_DEC);
-          // VERIFY
-          verifyPIN(provider, new PINSpec(4, 4, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle()
-              .getString("dec.pin.name")), KID_PIN_DEC);
-          // MSE: SET DST
-          mseSetDST(0x41, 0xa4, DST_DEC);
-          // INTERNAL AUTHENTICATE
-          return internalAuthenticate(hash);
-
-          
-          // 00 88 10 00 23 30 21 30 09 06 05 2B 0E 03 02 1A 05 00 04 14 54 26 F0 EA  AF EA F0 4E D4 A1 AD BF 66 D4 A5 9B 45 6F AF 79 00
-          // 00 88 10 00 23 30 21 30 09 06 05 2B 0E 03 02 1A 05 00 04 14 DF 8C AB 8F E2 AD AC 7B 5A AF BE E9 44 5E 95 99 FA AF 2F 48 00
-          
-        } else {
-          throw new IllegalArgumentException("KeyboxName '" + keyboxName
-              + "' not supported.");
-        }
+      if (KeyboxName.SECURE_SIGNATURE_KEYPAIR.equals(keyboxName)) {
+
+        PINSpec spec = new PINSpec(6, 10, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("sig.pin.name"));
+        
+        int retries = -1;
+        String pin = null;
+
+        do {
+          pin = provider.providePIN(spec, retries);
+          if (pin == null) {
+            throw new CancelledException();
+          }
+          try {
+            getCard().beginExclusive();
+            
+            // SELECT DF
+            selectFileFID(DF_SIG);
+            // VERIFY
+            retries = verifyPIN(pin, KID_PIN_SIG);
+            if (retries != -1) {
+              throw new VerificationFailedException(retries);
+            }
+            // MSE: SET DST
+            mseSetDST(0x81, 0xb6, DST_SIG);
+            // PSO: HASH
+            psoHash(hash);
+            // PSO: COMPUTE DIGITAL SIGNATURE
+            return psoComputDigitalSiganture();
+
+          } catch (SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException e) {
+            retries = verifyPIN(null, KID_PIN_SIG);
+          } catch (VerificationFailedException e) {
+            retries = e.getRetries();
+          } finally {
+            getCard().endExclusive();
+          }
+        } while (retries != 0);
+
+        throw new LockedException();
+        
+    
+      } else if (KeyboxName.CERITIFIED_KEYPAIR.equals(keyboxName)) {
         
-      } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
-        // if certificate is not present, 
-        // the citizen card application has not been activated
-        throw new NotActivatedException();
-      } finally {
-        card.endExclusive();
+        PINSpec spec = new PINSpec(4, 4, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("dec.pin.name"));
+
+        int retries = -1;
+        String pin = null;
+        boolean pinRequiered = false;
+
+        do {
+          if (pinRequiered) {
+            pin = provider.providePIN(spec, retries);
+            if (pin == null) {
+              throw new CancelledException();
+            }
+          }
+          try {
+            getCard().beginExclusive();
+            
+            // SELECT DF
+            selectFileFID(DF_DEC);
+            // VERIFY
+            retries = verifyPIN(pin, KID_PIN_DEC);
+            if (retries != -1) {
+              throw new VerificationFailedException(retries);
+            }
+            // MSE: SET DST
+            mseSetDST(0x41, 0xa4, DST_DEC);
+            // INTERNAL AUTHENTICATE
+            return internalAuthenticate(hash);
+            
+          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+            throw new NotActivatedException();
+          } catch (SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException e) {
+            pinRequiered = true;
+            retries = verifyPIN(null, KID_PIN_DEC);
+          } catch (VerificationFailedException e) {
+            pinRequiered = true;
+            retries = e.getRetries();
+          } finally {
+            getCard().endExclusive();
+          }
+        } while (retries != 0);
+
+        throw new LockedException();
+
+      } else {
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("KeyboxName '" + keyboxName
+            + "' not supported.");
       }
+      
     } catch (CardException e) {
-      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to get exclusive card access.");
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  protected byte[] selectFileAID(byte[] fid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
-    CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
-    ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0xA4, 0x04,
-        0x00, fid, 256));
-    if (resp.getSW() != 0x9000) {
-      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to select file (AID="
-          + toString(fid) + "): SW=" + Integer.toHexString(resp.getSW()) + ".");
-    } else {
-      return resp.getBytes();
-    }
+      log.warn(e);
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to access card.", e);
+    } 
+      
   }
 
   protected ResponseAPDU selectFileFID(byte[] fid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
@@ -262,6 +319,7 @@ public class ACOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
         0x00, fid, 256));
   }
 
+  @Override
   protected int verifyPIN(String pin, byte kid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
     
     CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
@@ -290,35 +348,7 @@ public class ACOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
 
   }
   
-  /**
-   * 
-   * @param pinProvider
-   * @param spec
-   *          the PIN spec to be given to the pinProvider
-   * @param kid
-   *          the KID (key identifier) of the PIN to be verified
-   * @throws CancelledException
-   *           if the user canceld the operation
-   * @throws javax.smartcardio.CardException
-   * @throws at.gv.egiz.smcc.SignatureCardException
-   */
-  @Override
-  protected void verifyPIN(PINProvider pinProvider, PINSpec spec, byte kid)
-      throws CardException, CancelledException, SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
-
-    int retries = -1;
-    do {
-      String pin = pinProvider.providePIN(spec, retries);
-      if (pin == null) {
-        // user canceled operation
-        throw new CancelledException("User canceled operation");
-      } 
-      retries = verifyPIN(pin, kid);
-    } while (retries > 0);
-      
-  }
-    
-  void mseSetDST(int p1, int p2, byte[] dst) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+  private void mseSetDST(int p1, int p2, byte[] dst) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
     CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
     ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0x22, p1,
         p2, dst));
@@ -328,7 +358,7 @@ public class ACOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
     }
   }
 
-  void psoHash(byte[] hash) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+  private void psoHash(byte[] hash) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
     CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
     ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0x2A, 0x90,
         0x81, hash));
@@ -338,7 +368,7 @@ public class ACOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
     }
   }
 
-  byte[] psoComputDigitalSiganture() throws CardException,
+  private byte[] psoComputDigitalSiganture() throws CardException,
       SignatureCardException {
     CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
     ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0x2A, 0x9E,
@@ -352,7 +382,7 @@ public class ACOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
     }
   }
   
-  byte[] internalAuthenticate(byte[] hash) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+  private byte[] internalAuthenticate(byte[] hash) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
     byte[] digestInfo = new byte[] {
         (byte) 0x30, (byte) 0x21, (byte) 0x30, (byte) 0x09, (byte) 0x06, (byte) 0x05, (byte) 0x2B, (byte) 0x0E, 
         (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x1A, (byte) 0x05, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x04
diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/AbstractSignatureCard.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/AbstractSignatureCard.java
index b828e8cd..633cc90d 100644
--- a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/AbstractSignatureCard.java
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/AbstractSignatureCard.java
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 //
 package at.gv.egiz.smcc;
 
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.ResourceBundle;
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ import javax.smartcardio.ATR;
 import javax.smartcardio.Card;
 import javax.smartcardio.CardChannel;
 import javax.smartcardio.CardException;
+import javax.smartcardio.CardTerminal;
 import javax.smartcardio.CommandAPDU;
 import javax.smartcardio.ResponseAPDU;
 
@@ -53,7 +56,12 @@ public abstract class AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
 
   int ifs_ = 254;
 
-  Card card_;
+  private Card card_;
+  
+  /**
+   * The card terminal that connects the {@link #card_}.  
+   */
+  private CardTerminal cardTerminal;
 
   protected AbstractSignatureCard(String resourceBundleName) {
     this.resourceBundleName = resourceBundleName;
@@ -73,45 +81,56 @@ public abstract class AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
     return sb.toString();
   }
 
-  protected abstract byte[] selectFileAID(byte[] fid) throws CardException,
-      SignatureCardException;
-
-  protected abstract ResponseAPDU selectFileFID(byte[] fid) throws CardException,
-      SignatureCardException;
-
   /**
-   * VERIFY PIN
+   * Select an application using AID as DF name according to ISO/IEC 7816-4
+   * section 8.2.2.2.
    * 
-   * <p>
-   * Implementations of this method should call
-   * {@link PINProvider#providePIN(PINSpec, int)} to retrieve the PIN entered by
-   * the user and VERIFY PIN on the smart card until the PIN has been
-   * successfully verified.
-   * </p>
+   * @param dfName
+   *          AID of the application to be selected
    * 
-   * @param pinProvider
-   *          the PINProvider
-   * @param spec
-   *          the PINSpec
-   * @param kid
-   *          the key ID (KID) of the PIN to verify
+   * @return the response data of the response APDU if SW=0x9000
    * 
    * @throws CardException
-   *           if smart card communication fails
-   * 
-   * @throws CancelledException
-   *           if the PINProvider indicated that the user canceled the PIN entry
-   * @throws NotActivatedException
-   *           if the card application has not been activated
-   * @throws LockedException
-   *           if the card application is locked
+   *           if card communication fails
    * 
    * @throws SignatureCardException
-   *           if VERIFY PIN fails
+   *           if application selection fails (e.g. an application with the
+   *           given AID is not present on the card)
    */
-  protected abstract void verifyPIN(PINProvider pinProvider, PINSpec spec,
-      byte kid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException, InterruptedException;
+  protected byte[] selectFileAID(byte[] dfName) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+    CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
+    ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0xA4, 0x04,
+        0x00, dfName, 256));
+    if (resp.getSW() != 0x9000) {
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to select application AID="
+          + toString(dfName) + ": SW=" + Integer.toHexString(resp.getSW()) + ".");
+    } else {
+      return resp.getBytes();
+    }
+  }
 
+  protected abstract ResponseAPDU selectFileFID(byte[] fid) throws CardException,
+      SignatureCardException;
+
+  protected abstract int verifyPIN(String pin, byte kid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException;
+
+  
+  protected byte[] readRecord(int recordNumber) throws SignatureCardException, CardException {
+    return readRecord(getCardChannel(), recordNumber);
+  }
+
+  protected byte[] readRecord(CardChannel channel, int recordNumber) throws SignatureCardException, CardException {
+    
+    ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0xB2,
+        recordNumber, 0x04, 256));
+    if (resp.getSW() == 0x9000) {
+      return resp.getData();
+    } else {
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to read records. SW=" + Integer.toHexString(resp.getSW()));
+    }
+     
+  }
+  
   protected byte[] readBinary(CardChannel channel, int offset, int len)
       throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
 
@@ -119,6 +138,8 @@ public abstract class AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
         0x7F & (offset >> 8), offset & 0xFF, len));
     if (resp.getSW() == 0x9000) {
       return resp.getData();
+    } else if (resp.getSW() == 0x6982) {
+      throw new SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException();
     } else {
       throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to read bytes (" + offset + "+"
           + len + "): SW=" + Integer.toHexString(resp.getSW()));
@@ -182,43 +203,10 @@ public abstract class AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
 
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Read the content of a TLV file.
-   * 
-   * @param aid the application ID (AID)
-   * @param ef the elementary file (EF)
-   * @param maxLength the maximum length of the file
-   * 
-   * @return the content of the file
-   * 
-   * @throws SignatureCardException
-   */
-  protected byte[] readTLVFile(byte[] aid, byte[] ef, int maxLength)
-      throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
-    return readTLVFilePIN(aid, ef, (byte) 0, null, null, maxLength);
-  }
-
-  
-  /**
-   * Read the content of a TLV file wich may require a PIN.
-   * 
-   * @param aid the application ID (AID)
-   * @param ef the elementary file (EF)
-   * @param kid the key ID (KID) of the corresponding PIN
-   * @param provider the PINProvider
-   * @param spec the PINSpec
-   * @param maxLength the maximum length of the file
-   * 
-   * @return the content of the file
-   * 
-   * @throws SignatureCardException
-   */
-  protected byte[] readTLVFilePIN(byte[] aid, byte[] ef, byte kid,
-      PINProvider provider, PINSpec spec, int maxLength)
-      throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
-
+  protected byte[] readRecords(byte[] aid, byte[] ef, int start, int end) throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
+    
     try {
-
+      
       // SELECT FILE (AID)
       byte[] rb = selectFileAID(aid);
       if (rb[rb.length - 2] != (byte) 0x90 || rb[rb.length - 1] != (byte) 0x00) {
@@ -250,38 +238,90 @@ public abstract class AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
             + Integer.toHexString(resp.getSW()) + ").");
         
       }
-
-      // try to READ BINARY
-      byte[] b = new byte[1];
-      int sw = readBinary(0, 1, b);
       
-      if (provider != null && sw == 0x6982) {
-
-        // VERIFY
-        verifyPIN(provider, spec, kid);
-        
-      } else if (sw == 0x9000) {
-        // not expected type
-        if (b[0] != 0x30) {
-          throw new NotActivatedException();
-        }
-      } else {
-        throw new SignatureCardException("READ BINARY failed (SW="
-            + Integer.toHexString(sw) + ").");
+      ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+      
+      for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
+        bytes.write(readRecord(i));
       }
-
-      // READ BINARY
-      byte[] data = readBinaryTLV(maxLength, (byte) 0x30);
-
-      return data;
-
+      
+      return bytes.toByteArray();
+      
     } catch (CardException e) {
       throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to acces card.", e);
+    } catch (IOException e) {
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to read records.", e);
     }
-
+    
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Read the content of a TLV file.
+   * 
+   * @param aid the application ID (AID)
+   * @param ef the elementary file (EF)
+   * @param maxLength the maximum length of the file
+   * 
+   * @return the content of the file
+   * 
+   * @throws SignatureCardException
+   * @throws CardException 
+   */
+  protected byte[] readTLVFile(byte[] aid, byte[] ef, int maxLength)
+      throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException, CardException {
+    return readTLVFile(aid, ef, null, (byte) 0, maxLength);
   }
 
   /**
+   * Read the content of a TLV file wich may require a PIN.
+   * 
+   * @param aid the application ID (AID)
+   * @param ef the elementary file (EF)
+   * @param kid the key ID (KID) of the corresponding PIN
+   * @param provider the PINProvider
+   * @param spec the PINSpec
+   * @param maxLength the maximum length of the file
+   * 
+   * @return the content of the file
+   * 
+   * @throws SignatureCardException
+   * @throws CardException 
+   */
+  protected byte[] readTLVFile(byte[] aid, byte[] ef, String pin, byte kid, int maxLength)
+      throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException, CardException {
+
+
+    // SELECT FILE (AID)
+    selectFileAID(aid);
+
+    // SELECT FILE (EF)
+    ResponseAPDU resp = selectFileFID(ef);
+    if (resp.getSW() == 0x6a82) {
+      // EF not found
+      throw new FileNotFoundException("EF " + toString(ef) + " not found.");
+    } else if (resp.getSW() != 0x9000) {
+      throw new SignatureCardException("SELECT FILE with "
+          + "FID="
+          + toString(ef)
+          + " failed ("
+          + "SW="
+          + Integer.toHexString(resp.getSW()) + ").");
+    }
+
+    // VERIFY
+    if (pin != null) {
+      int retries = verifyPIN(pin, kid);
+      if (retries != -1) {
+        throw new VerificationFailedException(retries);
+      }
+    }
+    
+    return readBinaryTLV(maxLength, (byte) 0x30);
+      
+    
+  }
+  
+  /**
    * Transmit the given command APDU using the given card channel.
    * 
    * @param channel
@@ -331,8 +371,9 @@ public abstract class AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
   }
 
   
-  public void init(Card card) {
+  public void init(Card card, CardTerminal cardTerminal) {
     card_ = card;
+    this.cardTerminal = cardTerminal;
     ATR atr = card.getATR();
     byte[] atrBytes = atr.getBytes();
     if (atrBytes.length >= 6) {
@@ -340,6 +381,11 @@ public abstract class AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
       log.trace("Setting IFS (information field size) to " + ifs_);
     }
   }
+  
+  @Override
+  public Card getCard() {
+    return card_;
+  }
 
   protected CardChannel getCardChannel() {
     return card_.getBasicChannel();
@@ -372,4 +418,18 @@ public abstract class AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard {
     }
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public void reset() throws SignatureCardException {
+    try {
+      log.debug("Disconnect and reset smart card.");
+      card_.disconnect(true);
+      log.debug("Reconnect smart card.");
+      if (cardTerminal != null) {
+        card_ = cardTerminal.connect("*");
+      }
+    } catch (CardException e) {
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to reset card.", e);
+    }
+  }
+
 }
diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/STARCOSCard.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/STARCOSCard.java
index d6d02475..2a6e90bf 100644
--- a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/STARCOSCard.java
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/STARCOSCard.java
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ package at.gv.egiz.smcc;
 import java.math.BigInteger;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
-import javax.smartcardio.Card;
 import javax.smartcardio.CardChannel;
 import javax.smartcardio.CardException;
 import javax.smartcardio.CommandAPDU;
@@ -49,6 +48,42 @@ public class STARCOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard
 
   public static final byte[] MF = new byte[] { (byte) 0x3F, (byte) 0x00 };
 
+  /**
+   * Application ID <em>SV-Personendaten</em>.
+   */
+  public static final byte[] AID_SV_PERSONENDATEN = new byte[] { 
+    (byte) 0xD0, (byte) 0x40, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, 
+    (byte) 0x17, (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x01
+  };
+  
+  /**
+   * File ID <em>Grunddaten</em> ({@link #AID_SV_PERSONENDATEN}).
+   */
+  public static final byte[] FID_GRUNDDATEN = new byte[] {
+    (byte) 0xEF, (byte) 0x01
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * File ID <em>EHIC</em> ({@link #AID_SV_PERSONENDATEN}).
+   */
+  public static final byte[] FID_EHIC = new byte[] {
+    (byte) 0xEF, (byte) 0x02
+  };
+  
+  /**
+   * File ID <em>Status</em> ({@link #AID_SV_PERSONENDATEN}).
+   */
+  public static final byte[] FID_SV_PERSONENBINDUNG = new byte[] {
+    (byte) 0xEF, (byte) 0x03
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * File ID <em>Status</em> ({@link #AID_SV_PERSONENDATEN}).
+   */
+  public static final byte[] FID_STATUS = new byte[] {
+    (byte) 0xEF, (byte) 0x04
+  };
+
   public static final byte[] AID_INFOBOX = new byte[] { (byte) 0xd0,
       (byte) 0x40, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x00, (byte) 0x17, (byte) 0x00,
       (byte) 0x18, (byte) 0x01 };
@@ -126,85 +161,134 @@ public class STARCOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard
     super("at/gv/egiz/smcc/STARCOSCard");
   }
  
-  /* (non-Javadoc)
-   * @see at.gv.egiz.smcc.SignatureCard#getCertificate(at.gv.egiz.smcc.SignatureCard.KeyboxName)
-   */
   @Override
   public byte[] getCertificate(KeyboxName keyboxName)
       throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
 
-    byte[] aid;
-    byte[] efc;
-    if (keyboxName == KeyboxName.SECURE_SIGNATURE_KEYPAIR) {
-      aid = AID_DF_SS;
-      efc = EF_C_X509_CH_DS;
-    } else if (keyboxName == KeyboxName.CERITIFIED_KEYPAIR) {
-      aid = AID_DF_GS;
-      efc = EF_C_X509_CH_AUT;
-    } else {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Keybox " + keyboxName
-          + " not supported.");
-    }
+    try {
+      
+      if (keyboxName == KeyboxName.SECURE_SIGNATURE_KEYPAIR) {
+        
+        try {
+          getCard().beginExclusive();
+          return readTLVFile(AID_DF_SS, EF_C_X509_CH_DS, 2000);
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+          throw new NotActivatedException();
+        } finally {
+          getCard().endExclusive();
+        }
+        
+      } else if (keyboxName == KeyboxName.CERITIFIED_KEYPAIR) {
 
-    log.debug("Get certificate for keybox '" + keyboxName.getKeyboxName() + "'" +
-        " (AID=" + toString(aid) + " EF=" + toString(efc) + ").");
+        try {
+          getCard().beginExclusive();
+          return readTLVFile(AID_DF_GS, EF_C_X509_CH_AUT, 2000);
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+          throw new NotActivatedException();
+        } finally {
+          getCard().endExclusive();
+        }
 
-    try {
-      Card card = getCardChannel().getCard();
-      try {
-        card.beginExclusive();
-        return readTLVFile(aid, efc, 2000);
-      } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
-        // if certificate is not present, 
-        // the citizen card application has not been activated
-        throw new NotActivatedException();
-      } finally {
-        card.endExclusive();
+      } else {
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Keybox " + keyboxName
+            + " not supported.");
       }
+      
     } catch (CardException e) {
-      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to get exclusive card access.");
+      log.warn(e);
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to access card.", e);
     }
-    
-  }
 
-  /* (non-Javadoc)
-   * @see at.gv.egiz.smcc.SignatureCard#getInfobox(java.lang.String, at.gv.egiz.smcc.PINProvider, java.lang.String)
-   */
+  }
+  
   @Override
   public byte[] getInfobox(String infobox, PINProvider provider, String domainId)
       throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
   
-    if ("IdentityLink".equals(infobox)) {
-  
-      PINSpec spec = new PINSpec(4, 4, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("card.pin.name"));
-      
-      try {
-        Card card = getCardChannel().getCard();
+    try {
+      if ("IdentityLink".equals(infobox)) {
+ 
+        PINSpec spec = new PINSpec(4, 4, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("card.pin.name"));
+        
+        int retries = -1;
+        String pin = null;
+        boolean pinRequiered = false;
+
+        do {
+          if (pinRequiered) {
+            pin = provider.providePIN(spec, retries);
+            if (pin == null) {
+              throw new CancelledException();
+            }
+          }
+          try {
+            getCard().beginExclusive();
+            return readTLVFile(AID_INFOBOX, EF_INFOBOX, pin, KID_PIN_CARD, 2000);
+          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+            throw new NotActivatedException();
+          } catch (SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException e) {
+            pinRequiered = true;
+            retries = verifyPIN(null, KID_PIN_CARD);
+          } catch (VerificationFailedException e) {
+            pinRequiered = true;
+            retries = e.getRetries();
+          } finally {
+            getCard().endExclusive();
+          }
+        } while (retries != 0);
+
+        throw new LockedException();
+
+        
+      } else if ("EHIC".equals(infobox)) {
+        
         try {
-          card.beginExclusive();
-          return readTLVFilePIN(AID_INFOBOX, EF_INFOBOX, KID_PIN_CARD,
-              provider, spec, 2000);
-        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
-          // if certificate is not present, 
-          // the citizen card application has not been activated
-          throw new NotActivatedException();
+          getCard().beginExclusive();
+          return readTLVFile(AID_SV_PERSONENDATEN, FID_EHIC, 126);
         } finally {
-          card.endExclusive();
+          getCard().endExclusive();
         }
-      } catch (CardException e) {
-        throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to get exclusive card access.");
+        
+      } else if ("Grunddaten".equals(infobox)) {
+        
+        try {
+          getCard().beginExclusive();
+          return readTLVFile(AID_SV_PERSONENDATEN, FID_GRUNDDATEN, 550);
+        } finally {
+          getCard().endExclusive();
+        }
+        
+      } else if ("SV-Personenbindung".equals(infobox)) {
+        
+        try {
+          getCard().beginExclusive();
+          return readTLVFile(AID_SV_PERSONENDATEN, FID_SV_PERSONENBINDUNG, 500);
+        } finally {
+          getCard().endExclusive();
+        }
+        
+      } else if ("Status".equals(infobox)) {
+        
+        try {
+          getCard().beginExclusive();
+          return readRecords(AID_SV_PERSONENDATEN, FID_STATUS, 1, 5);
+        } finally {
+          getCard().endExclusive();
+        }
+        
+      } else {
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Infobox '" + infobox
+            + "' not supported.");
       }
       
-    } else {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Infobox '" + infobox
-          + "' not supported.");
+    } catch (CardException e) {
+      log.warn(e);
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to access card.", e);
     }
   
   }
 
-  /* (non-Javadoc)
-   * @see at.gv.egiz.smcc.SignatureCard#createSignature(byte[], at.gv.egiz.smcc.SignatureCard.KeyboxName, at.gv.egiz.smcc.PINProvider)
-   */
+  @Override
   public byte[] createSignature(byte[] hash, KeyboxName keyboxName,
       PINProvider provider) throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
   
@@ -212,72 +296,115 @@ public class STARCOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard
       throw new IllegalArgumentException("Hash value must be of length 20.");
     }
   
-    byte[] aid;
-    byte kid;
-    byte[] dst;
-    PINSpec spec;
-    if (KeyboxName.SECURE_SIGNATURE_KEYPAIR.equals(keyboxName)) {
-      aid = AID_DF_SS;
-      kid = KID_PIN_SS;
-      dst = DST_SS;
-      spec = new PINSpec(6, 10, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("sig.pin.name"));
-  
-    } else if (KeyboxName.CERITIFIED_KEYPAIR.equals(keyboxName)) {
-      aid = AID_DF_GS;
-      kid = KID_PIN_CARD;
-      dst = DST_GS;
-      spec = new PINSpec(4, 4, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("card.pin.name"));
-  
-    } else {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException("KeyboxName '" + keyboxName
-          + "' not supported.");
-    }
-  
     try {
-      Card card = getCardChannel().getCard();
-      try {
-        card.beginExclusive();
-
-        // SELECT MF
-        selectMF();
-        // SELECT DF
-        selectFileAID(aid);
-        // VERIFY
-        verifyPIN(provider, spec, kid);
-        // MSE: SET DST
-        mseSetDST(dst);
-        // PSO: HASH
-        psoHash(hash);
-        // PSO: COMPUTE DIGITAL SIGNATURE
-        return psoComputDigitalSiganture();
-
-
-      } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
-        // if certificate is not present, 
-        // the citizen card application has not been activated
-        throw new NotActivatedException();
-      } finally {
-        card.endExclusive();
+      
+      if (KeyboxName.SECURE_SIGNATURE_KEYPAIR.equals(keyboxName)) {
+
+        PINSpec spec = new PINSpec(6, 10, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("sig.pin.name"));
+        
+        int retries = -1;
+        String pin = null;
+
+        do {
+          try {
+            getCard().beginExclusive();
+            selectFileAID(AID_DF_SS);
+            retries = verifyPIN(null, KID_PIN_SS);
+          } finally {
+            getCard().endExclusive();
+          }
+          pin = provider.providePIN(spec, retries);
+          if (pin == null) {
+            throw new CancelledException();
+          }
+          try {
+            getCard().beginExclusive();
+            return createSignature(hash, AID_DF_SS, pin, KID_PIN_SS, DST_SS);
+          } catch (VerificationFailedException e) {
+            retries = e.getRetries();
+          } finally {
+            getCard().endExclusive();
+          }
+        } while (retries != 0);
+
+        throw new LockedException();
+
+ 
+      } else if (KeyboxName.CERITIFIED_KEYPAIR.equals(keyboxName)) {
+
+        PINSpec spec = new PINSpec(4, 4, "[0-9]", getResourceBundle().getString("card.pin.name"));
+ 
+        int retries = -1;
+        String pin = null;
+        boolean pinRequiered = false;
+
+        do {
+          if (pinRequiered) {
+            pin = provider.providePIN(spec, retries);
+            if (pin == null) {
+              throw new CancelledException();
+            }
+          }
+          try {
+            getCard().beginExclusive();
+            return createSignature(hash, AID_DF_GS, pin, KID_PIN_CARD, DST_GS);
+          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+            throw new NotActivatedException();
+          } catch (SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException e) {
+            pinRequiered = true;
+            retries = verifyPIN(null, KID_PIN_CARD);
+          } catch (VerificationFailedException e) {
+            pinRequiered = true;
+            retries = e.getRetries();
+          } finally {
+            getCard().endExclusive();
+          }
+        } while (retries != 0);
+
+        throw new LockedException();
+        
+      } else {
+        throw new IllegalArgumentException("KeyboxName '" + keyboxName
+            + "' not supported.");
       }
+
     } catch (CardException e) {
-      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to get exclusive card access.");
+      log.warn(e);
+      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to access card.", e);
     }
   
   }
 
-  protected byte[] selectFileAID(byte[] fid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+  protected ResponseAPDU selectFileFID(byte[] fid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
     CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
-    ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0xA4, 0x04,
+    return transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0xA4, 0x02,
         0x04, fid, 256));
-    if (resp.getSW() != 0x9000) {
-      throw new SignatureCardException("Failed to select file (AID="
-          + toString(fid) + "): SW=" + Integer.toHexString(resp.getSW()) + ".");
-    } else {
-      return resp.getBytes();
+  }
+
+  private byte[] createSignature(byte[] hash, byte[] aid, String pin, byte kid,
+      byte[] dst) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+    
+    // SELECT MF
+    selectMF();
+    // SELECT DF
+    selectFileAID(aid);
+    // VERIFY
+    int retries = verifyPIN(pin, kid);
+    if (retries != -1) {
+      throw new VerificationFailedException(retries);
     }
+    // MSE: SET DST
+    mseSetDST(dst);
+    // PSO: HASH
+    psoHash(hash);
+    // PSO: COMPUTE DIGITAL SIGNATURE
+    return psoComputDigitalSiganture();
+
+    
   }
 
-  void selectMF() throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+  
+  private void selectMF() throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
     CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
     ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0xA4, 0x00,
         0x0C));
@@ -287,13 +414,7 @@ public class STARCOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard
     }
   }
 
-  protected ResponseAPDU selectFileFID(byte[] fid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
-    CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
-    return transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0xA4, 0x02,
-        0x04, fid, 256));
-  }
-
-  void mseSetDST(byte[] dst) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+  private void mseSetDST(byte[] dst) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
     CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
     ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0x22, 0x41,
         0xB6, dst));
@@ -303,7 +424,7 @@ public class STARCOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard
     }
   }
 
-  void psoHash(byte[] hash) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+  private void psoHash(byte[] hash) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
     byte[] data = new byte[hash.length + 2];
     data[0] = (byte) 0x90; // tag
     data[1] = (byte) (hash.length); // length
@@ -318,7 +439,7 @@ public class STARCOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard
     }
   }
 
-  byte[] psoComputDigitalSiganture() throws CardException,
+  private byte[] psoComputDigitalSiganture() throws CardException,
       SignatureCardException {
     CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
     ResponseAPDU resp = transmit(channel, new CommandAPDU(0x00, 0x2A, 0x9E,
@@ -353,7 +474,8 @@ public class STARCOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard
    * @throws SignatureCardException
    *           if VERIFY PIN fails
    */
-  private int verifyPIN(String pin, byte kid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
+  @Override
+  protected int verifyPIN(String pin, byte kid) throws CardException, SignatureCardException {
     
     CardChannel channel = getCardChannel();
 
@@ -385,6 +507,8 @@ public class STARCOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard
     } else if (resp.getSW1() == 0x63 && resp.getSW2() >> 4 == 0xc) {
       // return number of possible retries
       return resp.getSW2() & 0x0f;
+    } else if (resp.getSW() == 0x6983) {
+      throw new LockedException();
     } else if (resp.getSW() == 0x6984) {
       // PIN LCS = "Initialized" (-> not activated)
       throw new NotActivatedException("PIN not set.");
@@ -397,26 +521,8 @@ public class STARCOSCard extends AbstractSignatureCard implements SignatureCard
     
   }
   
-  /* (non-Javadoc)
-   * @see at.gv.egiz.smcc.AbstractSignatureCard#verifyPIN(at.gv.egiz.smcc.PINProvider, at.gv.egiz.smcc.PINSpec, byte, int)
-   */
-  protected void verifyPIN(PINProvider pinProvider, PINSpec spec, byte kid)
-      throws CardException, SignatureCardException, InterruptedException {
-
-    int retries = verifyPIN(null, kid);
-    do {
-      String pin = pinProvider.providePIN(spec, retries);
-      if (pin == null) {
-        // user canceled operation
-        throw new CancelledException("User canceld operation.");
-      }
-      retries = verifyPIN(pin, kid);
-    } while (retries > 0);
-
-  }
-
   public String toString() {
-    return "eCard";
+    return "e-card";
   }
 
  
diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SWCard.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SWCard.java
index 42943541..439be034 100644
--- a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SWCard.java
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SWCard.java
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ import java.util.Enumeration;
 import java.util.Locale;
 
 import javax.smartcardio.Card;
+import javax.smartcardio.CardTerminal;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
 import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
@@ -102,7 +103,12 @@ public class SWCard implements SignatureCard {
     SWCard.swCardDir = swCardDir;
   }
 
-  public void init(Card card) {
+  public void init(Card card, CardTerminal cardTerminal) {
+  }
+  
+  @Override
+  public Card getCard() {
+    return null;
   }
 
   private String getFileName(String fileName) {
@@ -379,4 +385,8 @@ public class SWCard implements SignatureCard {
   public void disconnect(boolean reset) {    
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public void reset() throws SignatureCardException {
+  }
+
 }
diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bf0af76c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+* Copyright 2008 Federal Chancellery Austria and
+* Graz University of Technology
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package at.gv.egiz.smcc;
+
+public class SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException extends SignatureCardException {
+
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+  public SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException() {
+  }
+
+  public SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException(String message, Throwable cause) {
+    super(message, cause);
+  }
+
+  public SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException(String message) {
+    super(message);
+  }
+
+  public SecurityStatusNotSatisfiedException(Throwable cause) {
+    super(cause);
+  }
+  
+}
diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SignatureCard.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SignatureCard.java
index b6a453df..d7e76dd8 100644
--- a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SignatureCard.java
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SignatureCard.java
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ package at.gv.egiz.smcc;
 import java.util.Locale;
 
 import javax.smartcardio.Card;
+import javax.smartcardio.CardTerminal;
 
 public interface SignatureCard {
 
@@ -75,12 +76,21 @@ public interface SignatureCard {
 
   }
 
-  public void init(Card card);
+  public void init(Card card, CardTerminal cardTerminal);
+  
+  public Card getCard();
 
   public byte[] getCertificate(KeyboxName keyboxName)
       throws SignatureCardException, InterruptedException;
   
   public void disconnect(boolean reset);
+  
+  /**
+   * Performs a reset of the card.
+   * 
+   * @throws SignatureCardException if reset fails.
+   */
+  public void reset() throws SignatureCardException;
 
   /**
    * 
diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SignatureCardFactory.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SignatureCardFactory.java
index 777299d9..ab66e9a1 100644
--- a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SignatureCardFactory.java
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/SignatureCardFactory.java
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import java.util.List;
 
 import javax.smartcardio.ATR;
 import javax.smartcardio.Card;
+import javax.smartcardio.CardTerminal;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
 import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@ public class SignatureCardFactory {
    * @param card
    *          the smart card, or <code>null</code> if a software card should be
    *          created
+   * @param cardTerminal TODO
    * 
    * @return a SignatureCard instance
    * 
@@ -211,12 +213,12 @@ public class SignatureCardFactory {
    *           if no implementation of the given <code>card</code> could be
    *           found
    */
-  public SignatureCard createSignatureCard(Card card)
+  public SignatureCard createSignatureCard(Card card, CardTerminal cardTerminal)
       throws CardNotSupportedException {
     
     if(card == null) {
       SignatureCard sCard = new SWCard();
-      sCard.init(card);
+      sCard.init(card, cardTerminal);
       return sCard;
     }
 
@@ -231,7 +233,7 @@ public class SignatureCardFactory {
         try {
           Class<?> scClass = cl.loadClass(supportedCard.getImplementationClassName());
           sc = (SignatureCard) scClass.newInstance();
-          sc.init(card);
+          sc.init(card, cardTerminal);
           return sc;
 
         } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/VerificationFailedException.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/VerificationFailedException.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fa066ff9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/VerificationFailedException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+* Copyright 2008 Federal Chancellery Austria and
+* Graz University of Technology
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+*/
+package at.gv.egiz.smcc;
+
+public class VerificationFailedException extends SignatureCardException {
+
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+  public static final int UNKNOWN = -1;
+  
+  private int retries = UNKNOWN;
+  
+  public VerificationFailedException() {
+  }
+
+  public VerificationFailedException(String message, Throwable cause) {
+    super(message, cause);
+  }
+
+  public VerificationFailedException(String message) {
+    super(message);
+  }
+
+  public VerificationFailedException(Throwable cause) {
+    super(cause);
+  }
+
+  public VerificationFailedException(int retries) {
+    this.retries = retries;
+  }
+
+  public VerificationFailedException(int retries, String message, Throwable cause) {
+    super(message, cause);
+    this.retries = retries;
+  }
+
+  public VerificationFailedException(int retries, String message) {
+    super(message);
+    this.retries = retries;
+  }
+
+  public VerificationFailedException(int retries, Throwable cause) {
+    super(cause);
+    this.retries = retries;
+  }
+
+  public int getRetries() {
+    return retries;
+  }
+  
+}
diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/util/SMCCHelper.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/util/SMCCHelper.java
index 4dae7975..f7d3bab7 100644
--- a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/util/SMCCHelper.java
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/util/SMCCHelper.java
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public class SMCCHelper {
     SignatureCardFactory factory = SignatureCardFactory.getInstance();

     if (useSWCard) {

       try {

-        signatureCard = factory.createSignatureCard(null);

+        signatureCard = factory.createSignatureCard(null, null);

         resultCode = CARD_FOUND;

       } catch (CardNotSupportedException e) {

         resultCode = CARD_NOT_SUPPORTED;

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ public class SMCCHelper {
             if (c == null) {

               throw new CardNotSupportedException();

             }

-            signatureCard = factory.createSignatureCard(c);

+            signatureCard = factory.createSignatureCard(c, cardTerminal);

             ATR atr = newCards.get(cardTerminal).getATR();

             log.trace("Found supported card (" + signatureCard.toString() + ") "

                 + "in terminal '" + cardTerminal.getName() + "', ATR = "

diff --git a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/util/SmartCardIO.java b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/util/SmartCardIO.java
index b70b44a7..b1866894 100644
--- a/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/util/SmartCardIO.java
+++ b/smcc/src/main/java/at/gv/egiz/smcc/util/SmartCardIO.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 */
 package at.gv.egiz.smcc.util;

 

+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 import java.util.Collections;

 import java.util.HashMap;

 import java.util.List;

@@ -54,7 +55,13 @@ public class SmartCardIO {
   CardTerminals cardTerminals_;

 

   private void updateTerminalFactory() {

-    TerminalFactory terminalFactory = TerminalFactory.getDefault();

+    TerminalFactory terminalFactory;
+    try {
+      terminalFactory = TerminalFactory.getInstance("PC/SC", null);
+    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+      log.info("Failed to get TerminalFactory of type 'PC/SC'.", e);
+      terminalFactory = TerminalFactory.getDefault();
+    }

     log.debug("TerminalFactory : " + terminalFactory);

     if ("PC/SC".equals(terminalFactory.getType())) {

       terminalFactory_ = terminalFactory;