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diff --git a/src/main/java/org/pdfbox/pdmodel/interactive/documentnavigation/outline/PDOutlineNode.java b/src/main/java/org/pdfbox/pdmodel/interactive/documentnavigation/outline/PDOutlineNode.java
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+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, www.pdfbox.org
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+ * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. Neither the name of pdfbox; nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
+ * software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+ * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+ * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+ * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+ * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+ * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
+ * ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+ * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ *
+ * http://www.pdfbox.org
+ *
+ */
+package org.pdfbox.pdmodel.interactive.documentnavigation.outline;
+
+import org.pdfbox.cos.COSBase;
+import org.pdfbox.cos.COSDictionary;
+
+import org.pdfbox.pdmodel.common.COSObjectable;
+
+/**
+ * This represents an node in an outline in a pdf document.
+ *
+ * @author Ben Litchfield (ben@csh.rit.edu)
+ * @version $Revision: 1.1 $
+ */
+public class PDOutlineNode implements COSObjectable
+{
+ /**
+ * The dictionary for this node.
+ */
+ protected COSDictionary node;
+
+ /**
+ * Default Constructor.
+ */
+ public PDOutlineNode()
+ {
+ node = new COSDictionary();
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Default Constructor.
+ *
+ * @param dict The dictionary storage.
+ */
+ public PDOutlineNode( COSDictionary dict)
+ {
+ node = dict;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Convert this standard java object to a COS object.
+ *
+ * @return The cos object that matches this Java object.
+ */
+ public COSBase getCOSObject()
+ {
+ return node;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Convert this standard java object to a COS object.
+ *
+ * @return The cos object that matches this Java object.
+ */
+ public COSDictionary getCOSDictionary()
+ {
+ return node;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Get the parent of this object. This will either be a DocumentOutline or an OutlineItem.
+ *
+ * @return The parent of this object, or null if this is the document outline and there
+ * is no parent.
+ */
+ public PDOutlineNode getParent()
+ {
+ PDOutlineNode retval = null;
+ COSDictionary parent = (COSDictionary)node.getDictionaryObject( "Parent" );
+ if( parent != null )
+ {
+ if( parent.getDictionaryObject( "Parent") == null )
+ {
+ retval = new PDDocumentOutline( parent );
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ retval = new PDOutlineItem( parent );
+ }
+ }
+
+ return retval;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Set the parent of this object, this is maintained by these objects and should not
+ * be called by any clients of PDFBox code.
+ *
+ * @param parent The parent of this object.
+ */
+ protected void setParent( PDOutlineNode parent )
+ {
+ node.setItem( "Parent", parent );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * append a child node to this node.
+ *
+ * @param outlineNode The node to add.
+ */
+ public void appendChild( PDOutlineItem outlineNode )
+ {
+ outlineNode.setParent( this );
+ if( getFirstChild() == null )
+ {
+ int currentOpenCount = getOpenCount();
+ setFirstChild( outlineNode );
+ //1 for the the item we are adding;
+ int numberOfOpenNodesWeAreAdding = 1;
+ if( outlineNode.isNodeOpen() )
+ {
+ numberOfOpenNodesWeAreAdding += outlineNode.getOpenCount();
+ }
+ if( isNodeOpen() )
+ {
+ setOpenCount( currentOpenCount + numberOfOpenNodesWeAreAdding );
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ setOpenCount( currentOpenCount - numberOfOpenNodesWeAreAdding );
+ }
+ updateParentOpenCount( numberOfOpenNodesWeAreAdding );
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ PDOutlineItem previousLastChild = getLastChild();
+ previousLastChild.insertSiblingAfter( outlineNode );
+ }
+ setLastChild( outlineNode );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Return the first child or null if there is no child.
+ *
+ * @return The first child.
+ */
+ public PDOutlineItem getFirstChild()
+ {
+ PDOutlineItem last = null;
+ COSDictionary lastDic = (COSDictionary)node.getDictionaryObject( "First" );
+ if( lastDic != null )
+ {
+ last = new PDOutlineItem( lastDic );
+ }
+ return last;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Set the first child, this will be maintained by this class.
+ *
+ * @param outlineNode The new first child.
+ */
+ protected void setFirstChild( PDOutlineNode outlineNode )
+ {
+ node.setItem( "First", outlineNode );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Return the last child or null if there is no child.
+ *
+ * @return The last child.
+ */
+ public PDOutlineItem getLastChild()
+ {
+ PDOutlineItem last = null;
+ COSDictionary lastDic = (COSDictionary)node.getDictionaryObject( "Last" );
+ if( lastDic != null )
+ {
+ last = new PDOutlineItem( lastDic );
+ }
+ return last;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Set the last child, this will be maintained by this class.
+ *
+ * @param outlineNode The new last child.
+ */
+ protected void setLastChild( PDOutlineNode outlineNode )
+ {
+ node.setItem( "Last", outlineNode );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Get the number of open nodes. Or a negative number if this node
+ * is closed. See PDF Reference for more details. This value
+ * is updated as you append children and siblings.
+ *
+ * @return The Count attribute of the outline dictionary.
+ */
+ public int getOpenCount()
+ {
+ return node.getInt( "Count", 0 );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Set the open count. This number is automatically managed for you
+ * when you add items to the outline.
+ *
+ * @param openCount The new open cound.
+ */
+ protected void setOpenCount( int openCount )
+ {
+ node.setInt( "Count", openCount );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * This will set this node to be open when it is shown in the viewer. By default, when
+ * a new node is created it will be closed.
+ * This will do nothing if the node is already open.
+ */
+ public void openNode()
+ {
+ //if the node is already open then do nothing.
+ if( !isNodeOpen() )
+ {
+ int openChildrenCount = 0;
+ PDOutlineItem currentChild = getFirstChild();
+ while( currentChild != null )
+ {
+ //first increase by one for the current child
+ openChildrenCount++;
+ //then increase by the number of open nodes the child has
+ if( currentChild.isNodeOpen() )
+ {
+ openChildrenCount += currentChild.getOpenCount();
+ }
+ currentChild = currentChild.getNextSibling();
+ }
+ setOpenCount( openChildrenCount );
+ updateParentOpenCount( openChildrenCount );
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Close this node.
+ *
+ */
+ public void closeNode()
+ {
+ //if the node is already closed then do nothing.
+ if( isNodeOpen() )
+ {
+ int openCount = getOpenCount();
+ updateParentOpenCount( -openCount );
+ setOpenCount( -openCount );
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Node is open if the open count is greater than zero.
+ * @return true if this node is open.
+ */
+ public boolean isNodeOpen()
+ {
+ return getOpenCount() > 0;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * The count parameter needs to be updated when you add or remove elements to
+ * the outline. When you add an element at a lower level then you need to
+ * increase all of the parents.
+ *
+ * @param amount The amount to update by.
+ */
+ protected void updateParentOpenCount( int amount )
+ {
+ PDOutlineNode parent = getParent();
+ if( parent != null )
+ {
+ int currentCount = parent.getOpenCount();
+ //if the currentCount is negative or it is absent then
+ //we will treat it as negative. The default is to be negative.
+ boolean negative = currentCount < 0 ||
+ parent.getCOSDictionary().getDictionaryObject( "Count" ) == null;
+ currentCount = Math.abs( currentCount );
+ currentCount += amount;
+ if( negative )
+ {
+ currentCount = -currentCount;
+ }
+ parent.setOpenCount( currentCount );
+ //recursively call parent to update count, but the parents count is only
+ //updated if this is an open node
+ if( !negative )
+ {
+ parent.updateParentOpenCount( amount );
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}